Multi-band MIMO Antenna with Square-Ring Slots for 5G Services
Keywords:
MIMO antenna, square-ring slot, 5GAbstract
Mobile communications technology is evolving rapidly with the introduction of 5G networks, which offer high speeds, low latency, and greater network capacity. To support these services, antennas that can operate optimally in a wide frequency range are required. The objective of this research is to design and analyze a multi-band square-ring slot MIMO antenna operating at frequencies of 2.6 GHz, 3.6 GHz, and 5.25 GHz. The antenna design is performed using CST Studio Suite 2019 software, and the simulation results are compared with the measurement results after fabrication. The antenna structure utilizes a microstrip design with an FR-4 substrate, optimizing parameters such as slot dimensions, feed line positioning, and element spacing to achieve the desired performance. The results show that the designed antenna has a return loss of < -10 dB, VSWR values in the acceptable range (1 ≤ VSWR ≤ 2), mutual coupling isolation below -20 dB, and ECC < 0.05, indicating good MIMO performance. In addition, the antenna exhibits an omnidirectional radiation pattern, a gain of more than 4 dBi with a maximum of 5.25 dBi at 2.6 GHz, and a wide bandwidth suitable for 5G applications. Although there are differences between simulated and measured results due to environmental factors and manufacturing tolerances, the antenna performance remains within acceptable limits. This research proves that the multi-band MIMO design with a square-ring slot can be an effective and practical solution to enhance 5G service quality, offering advantages for future wireless communication systems.
Downloads
References
[1] D. M. Handika, “Rancang Bangun Antena Mikrostrip Patch Circular Untuk Aplikasi 5G,” Data Sci. Indones., vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 9–12, 2022, doi: 10.47709/dsi.v2i1.1518.
[2] D. Setiyowati, S. Alam, and I. Surjati, “Miniaturization of Microstrip Antenna Using Spiral labyrinth Method at Frequency of Work 3.5 GHz,” J. Informatics Telecommun. Eng., vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 520–531, 2022, doi: 10.31289/jite.v5i2.5650.
[3] I. U. V. Simanjuntak, A. D. Rochendi, K. S. Salamah, and D. S. Safitri, “Design Of Triangular Array Microstrip Patch For Antenna 5g Application,” J. Informatics Telecommun. Eng., vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 176–186, 2021, doi: 10.31289/jite.v5i1.4927.
[4] N. O. Parchin, H. J. Basherlou, Y. I. A. Al-yasir, A. Ullah, R. A. Abd-alhameed, and J. M. Noras, “Multi-Band MIMO Antenna Design with User-Impact Investigation for 4G and 5G Mobile Terminals,” 2019, doi: 10.3390/s19030456.
[5] A. Puspitasari, “Perancangan Dan Realisasi Antena Microstrip Patch Circular Menggunakan Slot H Untuk Aplikasi Wifi,” vol. 8, no. 6, pp. 3555–3559, 2022.
[6] M. Abbas and N. I. Natsir, “Rancang Bangun Antena Mikrostrip 2x1 Array Rectangular Patch dengan U-Slot untuk Jaringan 5G,” 2022, [Online]. Available: http://repository.poliupg.ac.id/id/eprint/3053%0Ahttp://repository.poliupg.ac.id/3053/1/RANCANG BANGUN ANTENA MIKROSTRIP 2X1 ARRAY RECTANGULAR PATCH DENGAN U-SLOT UNTUK JARINGAN 5G.pdf
[7] M. Anthoni, R. S. Asthan, A. Pascawati, D. Maryopi, and M. R. K. Aziz, “Perancangan dan Simulasi Antena Mikrostrip MIMO 4×4 Rectangular Patch dengan Double U-Slot dan DGS pada Frekuensi 26 GHz untuk Aplikasi 5G,” J. Sci. Appl. Technol., vol. 5, no. 2, p. 371, 2021, doi: 10.35472/jsat.v5i2.336.
[8] A. Irfansyah, B. B. Harianto, and N. Pambudiyatno, “Design of Rectangular Microstrip Antenna 1x2 Array for 5G Communication,” J. Phys. Conf. Ser., vol. 2117, no. 1, 2021, doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/2117/1/012028.
[9] D. A. Joe, K. Madhumitha, B. S. R. Prabhaa, and P. Dharshanya, “2 X 2 MIMO Antenna Design For 5G Applications,” 2nd Int. Conf. Adv. Electr. Electron. Commun. Comput. Autom. ICAECA 2023, pp. 2–7, 2023, doi: 10.1109/ICAECA56562.2023.10199993.
[10] A. P. Prakusya, D. A. Nurmantris, and R. A. -, “Antenna MIMO 4 Elemen Untuk Komunikasi 5G pada Frekuensi 3.5 GHZ,” J. Rekayasa Elektr., vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 158–164, 2022, doi: 10.17529/jre.v18i3.26673.
[11] M. R. Hidayat, R. A. Permana, and S. Sambasri, “Konversi Antena Mimo 2x2 Frekuensi 2,4 Ghz Menjadi 5,5 Ghz Menggunakan Patch Bowtie Berbasis Dual Slot Segi Empat dan Single Slot Segitiga,” TELKA - Telekomun. Elektron. Komputasi dan Kontrol, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 161–173, 2021, doi: 10.15575/telka.v7n2.161-173.
[12] M. Srinubabu and N. Venkata Rajasekhar, “A compact and efficiently designed two-port MIMO antenna for N78/48 5G applications,” Heliyon, vol. 10, no. 7, p. e28981, 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28981.
[13] N. Nasrul, A. Nindika, Y. Yustini, and U. Septima, “Perancangan Antena MIMO 8x8 Frekuensi Kerja 3,5 GHz Untuk Teknologi 5G,” Elektron J. Ilm., vol. 15, no. November, pp. 36–42, 2023, doi: 10.30630/eji.0.0.390.
[14] R. Khan et al., “Enhancing gain and isolation of a quad-element MIMO antenna array design for 5G sub-6 GHz applications assisted with characteristic mode analysis,” Sci. Rep., vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 1–23, 2024, doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-61789-7.
[15] A. Salisu et al., “Dual-Band Microstrip Patch Antenna for Millimeter Wave and Sub-6 GHz Bands with High Frequency Ratio for 5G Application,” 2024 Int. Telecommun. Conf. ITC-Egypt 2024, no. August, pp. 631–634, 2024, doi: 10.1109/ITC-Egypt61547.2024.10620481.
[16] M. F. A. Sree, M. H. A. Elazeem, and W. Swelam, “Dual Band Patch Antenna Based on Letter Slotted DGS for 5G Sub-6GHz Application,” J. Phys. Conf. Ser., vol. 2128, no. 1, 2021, doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/2128/1/012008.
[17] A. Kašibović, S. T. Imeci, and A. F. Uslu, “An inset-fed rectangular microstrip patch antenna with multiple slits for sub 6GHz – 5G applications,” Sustain. Eng. Innov., vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 15–21, 2023, doi: 10.37868/sei.v5i1.id181.
[18] R. Hussain et al., “A Multiband Shared Aperture MIMO Antenna for Millimeter-Wave and Sub-6GHz 5G Applications,” Sensors, vol. 22, no. 5, 2022, doi: 10.3390/s22051808.
[19] rahayu deny danar dan alvi furwanti Alwie, A. B. Prasetio, R. Andespa, P. N. Lhokseumawe, and K. Pengantar, “Tugas Akhir Tugas Akhir Bandeng,” J. Ekon. Vol. 18, Nomor 1 Maret201, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 41–49, 2020.
[20] D. Annisah, S. Alam, I. Surjati, L. Sari, G. Trihantoro, and A. A. Dhanyswari, “Perancangan Antena Mikrostrip Array MIMO 2x2 dengan Metode Slit Pada Frekuensi Kerja 3,5 GHz untuk Sistem Komunikasi 5G,” JTERA (Jurnal Teknol. Rekayasa), vol. 6, no. 2, p. 253, 2021, doi: 10.31544/jtera.v6.i2.2021.253-262.
[21] A. A. Dhanyswari, S. Alam, and I. Surjati, “Design of Dual-Band Microstrip Linear Array MIMO Antenna With U Slot For 5G Communication System,” J. Ecotipe (Electronic, Control. Telecommun. Information, Power Eng., vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 32–41, 2023, doi: 10.33019/jurnalecotipe.v10i1.3601.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Syaza Ibra Harlin, Firdaus Nursal, Amelia Yolanda (Author)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.